SHA-1 Hash

SHA-1 or Secure Hash Algorithm 1 is a cryptographic hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value. This hash value is known as a message digest. This message digest is usually then rendered as a hexadecimal number which is 40 digits long. It is a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard and was designed by the United States National Security Agency.

SHA-1 is now considered insecure since 2005. Major tech giants browsers like Microsoft, Google, Apple and Mozilla have stopped accepting SHA-1 SSL certificates by 2017.

To calculate cryptographic hashing value in Java, MessageDigest Class is used, under the package java.security.

MessagDigest Class provides following cryptographic hash function to find hash value of a text as follows:

MD2
MD5
SHA-1
SHA-224
SHA-256
SHA-384
SHA-512
These algorithms are initialized in static method called getInstance(). After selecting the algorithm the message digest value is calculated and the results are returned as a byte array. BigInteger class is used, to convert the resultant byte array into its signum representation. This representation is then converted into a hexadecimal format to get the expected MessageDigest.

Examples:

Input : Hello Everyone
Output : 2aae6c35c94fcfb415dbe95f408b9ce91ee846ed

Input : Prutor.ai
Output : addf120b430021c36c232c99ef8d926aea2acd6b

Below program shows the implementation of SHA-1 hash in Java.

// Java program to calculate SHA-1 hash value

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class Prutor {
public static String encryptThisString(String input)
{
try {
// getInstance() method is called with algorithm SHA-1
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");

// digest() method is called
// to calculate message digest of the input string
// returned as array of byte
byte[] messageDigest = md.digest(input.getBytes());

// Convert byte array into signum representation
BigInteger no = new BigInteger(1, messageDigest);

// Convert message digest into hex value
String hashtext = no.toString(16);

// Add preceding 0s to make it 32 bit
while (hashtext.length() < 32) {
hashtext = "0" + hashtext;
}

// return the HashText
return hashtext;
}

// For specifying wrong message digest algorithms
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}

// Driver code
public static void main(String args[]) throws
NoSuchAlgorithmException
{

System.out.println("HashCode Generated by SHA-1 for: ");

String s1 = "Prutor.ai";
System.out.println("n" + s1 + " : " + encryptThisString(s1));

String s2 = "Hello Everyone";
System.out.println("n" + s2 + " : " + encryptThisString(s2));
}
}
Result :
HashCode Generated by SHA-1 for:

Prutor.ai : addf120b430021c36c232c99ef8d926aea2acd6b

Hello Everyone : 2aae6c35c94fcfb415dbe95f408b9ce91ee846ed
Application:

Cryptography
Data Integrity